Adult Basic Life Support (BLS) Algorithm

The Adult Basic Life Support (BLS) Algorithm follows a structured approach to managing unresponsive individuals who are not breathing normally. Here’s the standard BLS sequence:

1. Ensure Scene Safety

• Check if the environment is safe for you and the victim.

2. Check Responsiveness

• Tap the victim’s shoulders and shout, “Are you okay?”

• If unresponsive, shout for help.

3. Activate Emergency Response System

• Call 911 (or appropriate emergency number).

• If available, get an AED (Automated External Defibrillator).

4. Check Breathing & Pulse (Simultaneously, for ≤10 seconds)

• Look for chest rise and fall (normal breathing).

• Check carotid pulse (side of the neck).

• If no pulse and no normal breathing, begin CPR.

5. Start High-Quality CPR (If No Pulse)

• Compressions: 30 compressions at 2 inches deep, 100-120/min.

• Rescue Breaths: 2 breaths after every 30 compressions.

• Allow full chest recoil between compressions.

• Minimize interruptions in chest compressions.

6. Use an AED as Soon as Available

• Turn on the AED and follow its instructions.

• Deliver a shock if advised, then resume CPR immediately.

7. Continue CPR Until:

• Professional help arrives.

• The victim starts breathing and has a pulse.

• You are too exhausted to continue.